European countries are introducing a significant change in the management of their external borders. For non-EU nationals travelling to Europe, now involves a new digital tracking process known as the Entry/Exit System (EES). This system aims to modernise passport control, improve security, and carefully monitor how long visitors stay in Europe.
The implementation of new border technology is a complex and large-scale project that affects millions of tourists, business travellers, and expats. Moving from a paper-based system to a biometric database requires new hardware, updated procedures, and cooperation across multiple national borders.
If you are planning to travel to Europe or currently live there as an expats, understanding these new procedures is essential. This article explains how this new system works, the challenges it currently faces, and the practical steps you can take to ensure a smooth journey through passport control.
What is the EES System and when did it go live
The Entry/Exit System (EES) is an automated IT system for registering non-EU nationals traveling to Europe for short stays. A short stay is defined as up to 90 days within any 180-day period. This digital system officially replaces the traditional, manual stamping of passports.
When a traveller crosses the external borders of any of the 29 European countries using the system, the EES records specific data. This data includes:
- The traveller’s name and date of birth
- The type of travel document used (such as a passport)
- Biometric data, which consists of facial images and fingerprints
- The exact date and place of entry and exit
The EES system was originally scheduled to be launched several years ago. However, the system faced multiple delays due to technical complexities, the global pandemic, and the need for rigorous testing. Following these postponements, the system’s implementation began in late 2024 across various border checkpoints. The implementation required the installation of biometric scanners and self-service kiosks at airports, maritime ports, and land borders across Europe.
Issues surrounding the EES System, so far
Transitioning to a fully digital border control system has not been entirely seamless. Several operational and technical issues have emerged during the initial stages of the EES rollout.
Increased wait times at border crossings
The most immediate impact on travellers has been an increase in processing times. Registering biometric data for the first time takes significantly longer than a visual passport check and a stamp. At busy airports and major land borders, this has led to substantial queues, particularly during peak travel times.
Technical infrastructure delays
Many member states have faced difficulties installing the necessary biometric kiosks and electronic gates on schedule. Processing the high volume of passengers at busy airports and major ferry ports demands a significant hardware investment. Consequently, delays in procuring and testing this equipment have complicated the rollout process.
Lack of traveler awareness
Many passengers are arriving at border controls unaware of the new EES requirements. They often don’t realize they need to provide fingerprints and facial scans until they’re at the front of the line. This confusion leads to delays as border staff have to explain the procedure to each person.
What border controls are looking to do
To address the challenges created by the new EES requirements, border controls are implementing several measures to minimise confusion and delays:
Deploying additional staff
Many airports and ports are assigning extra personnel to guide travellers towards the self-service kiosks and assist them with the biometric registration process.
Introducing a mobile application
A mobile app has been developed to allow travellers to pre-register their data before arriving at the border. This application aims to significantly reduce the time spent at the physical kiosk.
Implementing grace periods
During the early stages of the rollout, some border checkpoints are operating with flexible protocols. If queues become dangerously long, officials have the authority to temporarily suspend biometric data collection to clear the backlog.
Upgrading infrastructure
Authorities are continuously monitoring hardware performance. Faulty kiosks are being replaced or updated with improved software to make facial and fingerprint recognition faster and more reliable.
How to avoid issues at passport control
While you cannot control the technology at the border, you can take specific steps to minimise delays and ensure your registration goes as smoothly as possible:
Arrive early
Allow extra time at airports, ports, and international train stations. The initial biometric registration will take a few extra minutes per person, which can quickly lead to long queues during peak travel times.
Ensure documents are valid
Check that your passport meets the European’s entry requirements. It must be valid for at least three months after the date you intend to leave Europe, and it must have been issued within the last ten years.
Follow instructions carefully
Pay close attention to the signage in the arrivals or departures hall. Many airports have separated lanes for those who have already registered in the EES and those who are registering for the first time. Using the correct lane will prevent you from being turned back and having to queue again.
What to do as an expat
The rules for non-EU nationals who legally reside in an EU country are different from those for short-term visitors. If you are an expat with a valid residence permit or a long-stay visa, you are exempt from the EES registration process. The 90-day limit does not apply to you in the country where you hold residency.
However, you must prove your exemption at the border to avoid being incorrectly registered as a short-term visitor.
Always carry your residency card
You must present your physical, valid residence permit or long-stay visa alongside your passport every time you cross the external European border.
Use the correct lanes
Ensure you follow the specific lanes designated for residents or speak directly to a border guard to ensure your passport is not mistakenly scanned into the short-stay EES database.
Check your status
If you are in the process of renewing your residency and are travelling with temporary documentation, confirm with your legal advisor whether you are permitted to travel outside Europe without compromising your residency status.
How RHJ Law can help
The introduction of the European Entry/Exit System highlights the increasing complexity of international travel and immigration compliance. Whether you’re handling biometric registrations, securing the right visas, or ensuring your expat residency is recognised at the border, staying compliant is key.
RHJ Law provides comprehensive legal support for individuals and businesses navigating the complexities of European immigration and residency. Our team understands the new border systems and can ensure your documentation meets the latest legal requirements. If you are experiencing issues with your residency status, or if you need professional guidance on securing a long-stay visa visa, contact RHJ Law today to discuss your situation.
